Problem 41 of 7
Identify reverse causation as an alternative explanation for Tutoring causes low test scores because tutored students scored lower.
Using a hint is okay. It just tells the trainer to give you a little more review.
Hidden until you reveal it.
recognize direction of cause may be reversed.
Hidden until you reveal it.
Claim must have a plausible reversed cause-effect direction.
Enter your answer
Your answer is equivalent to the expected form.
Walkthrough
Full solution stays hidden until you ask for it.
1. Identify the claimed cause and effect.
2. Reverse the direction and test whether it is plausible.
3. State the reverse-causation alternative.
Use the worked steps, then substitute the final answer back into the original relationship to confirm it satisfies the prompt.
Only naming a lurking variable when reverse causation is requested.